General English

 

1. Punctuate the passage:

Example 1:

Unpunctuated Passage:
it was a bright cold day in april and the clocks were striking thirteen winston smith his chin nuzzled into his breast in an effort to escape the vile wind slipped quickly through the glass doors of victory mansions though not quickly enough to prevent a swirl of gritty dust from entering along with him

Correct Punctuation:
It was a bright, cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen. Winston Smith, his chin nuzzled into his breast in an effort to escape the vile wind, slipped quickly through the glass doors of Victory Mansions, though not quickly enough to prevent a swirl of gritty dust from entering along with him.

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Example 2:

Unpunctuated Passage:
mr ram said why are you late today i was stuck in traffic john replied it is important to leave early on such days

Correct Punctuation:
Mr. Ram said, "Why are you late today?"
"I was stuck in traffic," John replied.
"It is important to leave early on such days."

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Example 3:

Unpunctuated Passage:
the teacher said to the students listen carefully if you study hard you will pass the exam the students promised that they would do their best

Correct Punctuation:
The teacher said to the students, "Listen carefully. If you study hard, you will pass the exam." The students promised that they would do their best.

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Example 4:

Unpunctuated Passage:
on the way to the market john met mary they decided to have lunch together after lunch they continued their shopping and enjoyed the afternoon

Correct Punctuation:
On the way to the market, John met Mary. They decided to have lunch together. After lunch, they continued their shopping and enjoyed the afternoon.

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Example 5:

Unpunctuated Passage:
while walking in the park I saw a dog it was playing with a ball suddenly it ran towards me and started barking loudly

Correct Punctuation:
While walking in the park, I saw a dog. It was playing with a ball. Suddenly, it ran towards me and started barking loudly.

2. Here are examples of questions and solutions for rewriting sentences as directed, focusing on voice (active/passive) and reported speech.

Direction: Rewrite the following sentences as directed.

Voice (Active/Passive)

Example 1:

Problem (Active to Passive):

They build houses every year.

Solution (Passive):

Houses are built every year.

Example 2:

Problem (Passive to Active):

The cake was baked by Sarah.

Solution (Active):

Sarah baked the cake.

Example 3:

Problem (Active to Passive):

The company will announce the results tomorrow.

Solution (Passive):

The results will be announced by the company tomorrow.

Example 4:

Problem (Passive to Active):

The homework was completed by the students.

Solution (Active):

The students completed the homework.

Example 5:

Problem (Active to Passive):

She is writing a letter.

Solution (Passive):

A letter is being written by her.

Reported Speech

Direction: Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech.

Example 1:

Problem (Direct to Indirect Speech):

John said, "I am going to the market."

Solution (Indirect Speech):

John said that he was going to the market.

Example 2:

Problem (Direct to Indirect Speech):

She said, "I will finish the project tomorrow."

Solution (Indirect Speech):

She said that she would finish the project the next day.

Example 3:

Problem (Direct to Indirect Speech):

He asked, "Are you coming to the party?"

Solution (Indirect Speech):

He asked if I was coming to the party.

Example 4:

Problem (Direct to Indirect Speech):

The teacher said, "Finish your assignments by Monday."

Solution (Indirect Speech):

The teacher told us to finish our assignments by Monday.

Example 5:

Problem (Direct to Indirect Speech):

My friend said, "Why didn’t you call me?"

Solution (Indirect Speech):

My friend asked why I hadn’t called her.

Present Simple → Past Simple:

"I eat pizza." → He said that he ate pizza.

Present Continuous → Past Continuous:

"I am eating pizza." → He said that he was eating pizza.

Past Simple → Past Perfect:

"I ate pizza." → He said that he had eaten pizza.

Present Perfect → Past Perfect:

"I have eaten pizza." → He said that he had eaten pizza.

Time expressions change accordingly:

Today → that day

Tomorrow → the next day

Yesterday → the previous day

Next week → the following week

Last week → the previous week

Direct: "Do you like pizza?" → Indirect: He asked if I liked pizza.

Direct: "Where are you going?" → Indirect: He asked where I was going.

Direct: "Close the door!" → Indirect: He told me to close the door.

Direct: "Please help me." → Indirect: She asked me to help her.

3. One word substitute:

Question: A person who loves mankind.

Solution: Philanthropist

Question: A government ruled by a king or queen.

Solution: Monarchy

Question: A person who can speak two languages fluently.
Solution: Bilingual

Question: A speech made without any preparation.
Solution: Extempore

Question: One who studies the human mind.
Solution: Psychologist

Question: One who believes in fate.
Solution: Fatalist

Question: A person who deserts their country for political reasons.
Solution: Defector

Question: A disease affecting many people at the same time.
Solution: Epidemic

Question: A place where birds are kept.
Solution: Aviary

Question: The study of ancient societies.
Solution: Archaeology

Tips: Focus on common categories

• People (e.g., pessimist, optimist, philanthropist).
• Places (e.g., orphanage, aviary, asylum).
• Forms of government (e.g., monarchy, oligarchy, democracy).
• Professions (e.g., biologist, psychologist, archaeologist).
• Actions (e.g., plagiarism, assassination, burglary).